of+Liquids

Type Notes for Ch10.2: The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Liquids.

=1. Least common state of matter.= -Least common because substances can exist in the liquid state only within a narrow range of temperatures (333). =2. Characteristics= - Has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container. - Particles are in constant motion - Particles are closer together than gases but farther apart then solids. - Bonds between particles are stronger than gasses but less then solids. Bonds form mainly between hydrogen atoms. =3. Liquids and gases are considered fluids.= - A fluid is defined as a substance that can flow and therefore take the shape of its container. =4. Density= - liquids are typically hundreds of time denser then the substance in its gasious state. - liquids are only slightly less dense then solids. =5. Compressability=

Facts about Liquids:
 * 1) Liquids are less common than solids and gases because a substance can exist in the liquid state only within a relatively narrow range of temperatures and pressures.
 * 2) Liquids can be described as a form of matter that has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container.
 * 3) Particles in a liquid are always in motion. Particles in a liquid are closer together than in a gas.
 * 4) The attraction between liquid particles is caused by intermolecular forces. (dipole-dipole forces, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding.) Molecules at the surface of the container in the state of a liquid can have enough kinetic energy to overcome the forces and enter the state of gas.
 * 5) Liquids have a stronger intermolecular force and lower mobility which results to liquids being more ordered than gases.

Vocabulary:
 * 1) Fluid- a substance that can flow and take the shape of its container.
 * 2) Surface Tension- a force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid's surface together, decreasing surface area to the smallest possible size.
 * 3) Capillary Action- The attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid.
 * 4) Vaporization- A process when a liquid or solid changes to a gas.
 * 5) Evaporation- A process when particles escape from the surface of a nonboiling liquid and enter the state of gas.
 * 6) Freezing/ Solidification- The physical change of a liquid to a solid by removal of energy as heat.